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Ibn Hisham
Abu Muhammad 'Abd al-Malik bin Hisham ((アラビア語:أبو محمد عبدالمالك بن هشام)), or Ibn Hisham edited the biography of Prophet Muhammad written by Ibn Ishaq.〔Kathryn Kueny, ''The Rhetoric of Sobriety: Wine in Early Islam'', pg. 59. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2001. ISBN 9780791490181〕 Ibn Ishaq's work is lost and is now only known in the recensions of Ibn Hisham and al-Tabari.〔Sahaja Carimokam, ''Muhammad and the People of the Book'', pg. 520. Bloomington: Xlibris, 2011. ISBN 9781453537855〕 He was also said to have mastered Arabic philology in a way which only Sibawayh had.〔Ibn Khaldun, Muqaddimah, vol. 2, pg. 298. Trns. Franz Rosenthal. Issue 43 of Bollingen Series (General) Series. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1967. ISBN 9780691097978〕
Ibn Hisham has been said to have grown up in Basra and moved afterwards to Egypt,〔Mustafa al-Suqa, Ibrahim al-Abyari and Abdul-Hafidh Shalabi, ''Tahqiq Sirah an-Nabawiyyah li Ibn Hisham'', ed.: Dar Ihya al-Turath, pp. 23-4〕 while others have narrated that his family was descended from Basra but he himself was born in Old Cairo.〔William Muir, ''The Life of Mahomet: With Introductory Chapters on the Original Sources for the Biography of Mahomet, and on the Pre-Islamite History of Arabia'', vol. 1, pg. xciv. London: Smith, Elder & Co., 1861.〕 Either way, it is in Egypt where he gained a name as a grammarian and student of language and history. His family was of Himyarite origin, though some narrators trace him to Mu'afir ibn Ya'far, while others say he is a Dhuhli.〔
==Works==
*As-Sirah an-Nabawiyyah, an edited (though not copied) version of Ibn Ishaq's original work.〔Mahmood ul-Hasan, ''Ibn Al-At̲h̲ir: An Arab Historian : a Critical Analysis of His Tarikh-al-kamil and Tarikh-al-atabeca'', pg. 71. New Delhi: Northern Book Center, 2005. ISBN 9788172111540〕 It is now considered one of the classic works on the biography of the Muslim prophet Muhammad.〔Antonie Wessels, ''A Modern Arabic Biography of Muḥammad: A Critical Study of Muḥammad Ḥusayn '', pg. 1. Leiden: Brill Publishers, 1972.〕〔Ira M. Lapidus, ''A History of Islamic Societies'', pg. 18. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002. ISBN 9780521779333〕
*He also wrote a work on South Arabian antiquities: ''Kitab al-Tijan li ma'rifati muluk al-zaman'' (Book of Crowns in knowing kings of the age)
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